draft of session 1

1_understanding_a_computer.md

+---
+theme: default
+paginate: true
+---
+
+# Understanding a computer
+
+[![cc_by_sa](./img/cc_by_sa.png)](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)
+
+Objective: understand the relations between the different components of a computer
+
+---
+
+# Which parts are necessary to define a computer ?
+
+
+---
+
+# Computer model: an universal Turing machine
+
+
+![width:20% height:20%](./img/lego_turing_machine.jpg)
+
+---
+
+# Computer components
+
+
+---
+
+# As simple as a Turing machine ?
+
+![universal_truing_machine](./img/universal_truing_machine.png)
+
+- A tape divided into cells, one next to the other. Each cell contains a symbol from some finite alphabet.
+- A head that can read and write symbols on the tape and move the tape left and right one (and only one) cell at a time.
+- A state register that stores the state of the Turing machine, one of finitely many. Among these is the special start state with which the state register is initialized.
+- A finite table of instructions that, given the state the machine is currently in and the symbol it is reading on the tape, tells the machine what to do.
+
+---
+
+# Basic Input Output System (BIOS)
+
+> Used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup), and to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs.
+
+- comes pre-installed on a personal computer's system board
+- the first software to run when powered on
+- in modern PCs initializes and tests the system hardware components, and loads a boot loader from a mass memory device
+
+---
+
+#  Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)
+
+Advantages:
+
+- Ability to use large disks partitions (over 2 TB) with a GUID Partition Table (GPT)
+- CPU-independent architecture
+- CPU-independent drivers
+- Flexible pre-OS environment, including network capability
+- Modular design
+- Backward and forward compatibility
+
+Disadvantages:
+
+- More complex
+
+---
+
+# Operating System (OS)
+
+> A system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs.
+
+---
+
+# UNIX
+
+---
+
+# UNIX-like OS
+
+---

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